The Fourth Doctor (1974-1981)
Season Twelve 
(1974-75) Season Twelve (1974-75): Bohemian Rhapsody
First appearances of Harry and Davros.


Season Sixteen (1978-79): The Quest For The Key To Time
First appearances of Romana and the Black and White Guardians.
Season Sixteen 
(1978-79)
Season Thirteen 
(1975-76) Season Thirteen: A Gothic Aspect (1975-76)
First appearance of the Zygons.
Season Seventeen (1979-80): The Time Traveller's Guide To The Galaxy
Romana regenerates into her second incarnation.
Season Seventeen 
(1979-80)
Season Fourteen 
(1976-77) Season Fourteen (1976-77): Savagery
First appearances of Leela, Borusa and the skeletal Master.
Season Eighteen (1980-81): Change And Decay
First appearances of Adric, Nyssa, Tegan and the revitalised Master.
Season Eighteen 
(1980-81)
Season Fifteen 
(1977-78) Season Fifteen (1977-78): A Lighter Touch
First appearance of K·9.

Season Twelve (1974-75): Bohemian Rhapsody

The Doctor
The Fourth Doctor

Tom Baker (bio) made his first appearance as the Doctor in Planet Of The Spiders (June 1974) and his last in The Day Of The Doctor (November 2013).

Companions and Recurring Characters

Harry Sullivan was a Surgeon Lieutenant attached to UNIT.

Ian Marter (bio) made his first appearance as Harry in Robot (December 1974) and his last in The Android Invasion (December 1975).

Harry Sullivan

Davros was a scientist on Skaro who created the xenophobic Daleks.

Davros appeared between Genesis Of The Daleks (March 1975) to The Witch's Familiar (September 2015). Davros was played by Michael Wisher in Genesis Of The Daleks (March to April 1975), David Gooderson in Destiny Of The Daleks (September 1979), Terry Molloy (bio) from Resurrection Of The Daleks (February 1984) to Remembrance Of The Daleks (October 1988), and Julian Bleach (bio) from The Stolen Earth (June 2008) to Children In Need Special (November 2023).

Davros

The Production Team

Terrance Dicks had departed from Doctor Who at the end of the previous season, and was replaced by veteran Doctor Who scriptwriter Robert Holmes (bio). Barry Letts remained in the producer's chair for just a single story during Season Twelve in order to ease the transition to his successor, Philip Hinchcliffe (bio). Hinchcliffe and Holmes quickly discovered they shared a unique vision of Doctor Who, which gibed with that of the new Doctor, Tom Baker. Having tired of the UNIT format, they sought to return the Doctor to his original role as a wanderer in time and space. They also wanted the programme to appeal to a more mature audience, and their adventures emphasised suspense and thrills, often cribbing from classic science-fiction and horror films and literature.

The Stories
Robot
Robot by Terrance Dicks, directed by Christopher Barry
The secret plans for a disintegrator gun are stolen under seemingly impossible circumstances. When a spate of further robberies targets the components needed to construct the weapon, the newly-regenerated Doctor is summoned to help UNIT investigate. Meanwhile, Sarah has become suspicious of Think Tank, a scientific collective with ties to a fascist political organisation. Sarah discovers that Think Tank is in possession of a massive robot designed by an estranged member, Professor Kettlewell. When the Doctor grows suspicious that the robot has perpetrated the thefts, he becomes its next target.
Harry Sullivan of UNIT leaves in the TARDIS with the Doctor and Sarah.
The Ark In 
Space
The Ark In Space by Robert Holmes, directed by Rodney Bennett
The TARDIS materialises aboard the Nerva Beacon, a space station carrying the remnants of humanity in suspended animation. The Earth was abandoned before it was scoured by deadly solar flares, but mechanical failure has caused the survivors to oversleep by millennia. The Doctor, Sarah and Harry begin reviving the humans, including their leader, Noah. Soon, however, one of the crew is found to be missing, and the Doctor realises that Nerva has suffered an incursion by the insect-like Wirrn. When Noah is infected by the Wirrn and begins to succumb to their hostile influence, mankind faces imminent extinction.
The 
Sontaran Experiment
The Sontaran Experiment by Bob Baker and Dave Martin, directed by Rodney Bennett
With humanity awakening from its long slumber aboard the Nerva Beacon, the time travellers transmat down to Earth to make sure the matter transmitter is fully operational. While Sarah and Harry explore, the Doctor discovers a dead astronaut. Confronted by the man's colleagues, the Doctor learns that they have been under attack ever since they were lured to Earth by a mysterious distress call. Meanwhile, Harry falls into a pit and Sarah seeks help from Roth, another of the astronauts. Together, Sarah and Roth discover that Earth is the setting for a series of cruel experiments devised by a Sontaran named Styre.
Genesis Of 
The Daleks
Genesis Of The Daleks by Terry Nation, directed by David Maloney
The Time Lords intercept the Doctor, Sarah and Harry as they return to the Nerva Beacon, and send them to Skaro in the distant past. They arrive amidst a centuries-long war between the Kaleds and the Thals, when a disfigured Kaled scientist named Davros is about to engineer the creation of the Daleks. Sarah is captured by the Thals and forced to work on a devastating missile, while the Doctor convinces the Kaled government to halt Davros' work. But Nyder, the Kaled head of security, betrays them to Davros, who will stop at nothing to unleash his Daleks upon the universe -- not even the destruction of his own people.
Revenge Of 
The Cybermen
Revenge Of The Cybermen by Gerry Davis, directed by Michael E Briant
Returning to the Nerva Beacon, the Doctor, Sarah and Harry discover that they are thousands of years too early and must wait while the TARDIS drifts backwards in time. At this point, the Beacon directs interstellar traffic, warning spaceships away from a new satellite in Jupiter's orbit. This is all that remains of Voga, a world abundant in gold which was vital in ending the last Cyber war, and which is now home to a people riven by civil war. But the Cybermen are determined to strike back against Voga. They have unleashed a terrible plague aboard the Beacon as the first step in their plan... and Sarah is amongst the infected.

Making History

With the introduction of the Fourth Doctor and the highly successful Hinchcliffe/Holmes tandem taking the reins, Doctor Who saw its viewing figures soar. For the first time ever, the start of a season was brought forward, with Season Thirteen due to start in the autumn rather than the subsequent winter. As a result, Season Twelve lost its finale, Terror Of The Zygons, which was held back to the start the next season.

Season Thirteen (1975-76): A Gothic Aspect

The Stories
Terror Of 
The Zygons
Terror Of The Zygons by Robert Banks Stewart, directed by Douglas Camfield
The Brigadier summons the Doctor back to Earth to investigate the destruction of several oil rigs in the North Sea. UNIT has established a base of operations at Tulloch, near Loch Ness in Scotland. There, the Doctor discovers that the rigs were attacked by an enormous beast, while Harry is abducted after locating a survivor from the most recent incident. Taken to a spaceship crewed by the Zygons, Harry learns that they are preparing to take over the Earth using a cybernetic sea monster called the Skarasen. And because the Zygons are shapeshifters, the Doctor and his companions can trust nobody... not even each other.
Harry decides to stay behind on Earth.
Planet Of 
Evil
Planet Of Evil by Louis Marks, directed by David Maloney
The Doctor and Sarah respond to a distress signal emanating from the planet Zeta Minor, at the very edge of the universe. There they discover that a research team has been systematically hunted down by an invisible anti-matter monster. The only survivor is Professor Sorenson, who has discovered a mineral which could serve as an almost limitless power source. When a rescue mission led by Salamar also arrives on Zeta Minor, the time travellers find themselves accused of murdering the scientific expedition. The Doctor must find a way to convince Salamar of the truth before Sorenson, corrupted by the anti-matter, dooms them all.
Pyramids Of 
Mars
Pyramids Of Mars by Lewis Greifer, directed by Paddy Russell
It is 1911, and the TARDIS lands in the home of sibling scientists Marcus and Laurence Scarman. Something has happened to Marcus during an archaeological dig in Egypt, and he has ordered the sinister Namin to bar Laurence from the house. Furthermore, Laurence has begun detecting strange radio signals from the surface of Mars. The Doctor discovers that Marcus has become the avatar of Sutekh, a powerful alien Osirian who has spent centuries imprisoned on Earth by his people as retribution for his terrible crimes. Now Sutekh is using Marcus to regain his freedom, heralding the end of the world.
The Android 
Invasion
The Android Invasion by Terry Nation, directed by Barry Letts
The TARDIS seems to have materialised near the modern-day English town of Devesham, but something is very wrong. People in hazard suits attack with guns in their fingers, the pub calendar repeats the same day again and again, every coin is minted from the same date. Even the Doctor and Sarah's friends from UNIT behave unnaturally. And, perhaps most strangely, astronaut Guy Crayford is in charge of the nearby Space Defence Station... but Crayford was lost in deep space years before. The time travellers soon realise that they are not on Earth at all, but in a simulacrum created by the Kraals as part of a plan to invade the Earth.
The Brain Of 
Morbius
The Brain Of Morbius by Robin Bland, directed by Christopher Barry
The Sisterhood of Karn tends a sacred flame, which provides an elixir granting eternal life and which is used by the Time Lords to aid in regenerative crises. The TARDIS arrives on Karn at a time when the sacred flame is dying, and the Sisterhood accuses the Doctor of planning to steal the last vestiges of the elixir. But also on Karn is the mad neurosurgeon Mehendri Solon. He hides the brain of Morbius, an evil Time Lord thought to have been executed. Solon is trying to build a new body for Morbius, and is lacking only a suitable head... the head of a Time Lord.
The Seeds Of 
Doom
The Seeds Of Doom by Robert Banks Stewart, directed by Douglas Camfield
An Antarctic expedition unearths two pods which the Doctor recognises as Krynoids. Once germinated, the pods will infect humans, turning them into giant carnivorous plants which will quickly overrun the world. Already Winlett, one of the expedition members, has started to succumb to the Krynoid taint. To make matters worse, the insane botanist Harrison Chase has learned of the pods' existence and has despatched the sadistic Scorby to obtain them. Even if the Doctor and Sarah are able to stop the mutating Winlett in Antarctica, an even greater threat awaits them at Chase's mansion in England...

Making History

With Doctor Who now consistently one of the BBC's most popular programmes, a new problem reared its head in the form of Mary Whitehouse and her National Viewers' and Listeners' Association. A self-appointed media watchdog, Whitehouse had occasionally spoken out against violence and horror in Doctor Who in the past. Now, however, with the Hinchcliffe and Holmes encouraging these very elements, Whitehouse went on the offensive. Her media campaign against Doctor Who would ultimately contribute to the break-up of the successful production team.

Season Fourteen (1976-77): Savagery

Companions and Recurring Characters

Leela was a far-future human whose culture had regressed to prehistorical standards, and who assisted the Doctor in defeating the mad computer Xoanon.

Louise Jameson (bio) made her first appearance as Leela in The Face Of Evil (January 1977) and her last in Dimensions In Time (November 1993).

Leela

The Stories
The Masque Of 
Mandragora
The Masque Of Mandragora by Louis Marks, directed by Rodney Bennett
The TARDIS accidentally transports the Mandragora Helix, a malevolent energy being, to Renaissance Italy. The Duke of San Martino has died under mysterious circumstances, and the great thinkers of the fifteenth century are coming to celebrate his son and heir, Giuliano. Desperate to uncover the Helix's plans, the Doctor and Sarah forge an alliance with Giuliano and his friend Marco. But the new Duke's uncle, Federico, schemes to eliminate his nephew. He is assisted by the astrologer Hieronymous, the secret leader of the cult of Demnos -- who has fallen under the sway of the Mandragora Helix.
The Hand Of 
Fear
The Hand Of Fear by Bob Baker and Dave Martin, directed by Lennie Mayne
The TARDIS lands in a quarry, where an explosion buries Sarah under rock. When the Doctor rescues her, she is unconscious and clutching a calcified hand. After awakening at the hospital, Sarah begins acting strangely: the hand is all that remains of a silicon-based alien called Eldrad, whose consciousness has seized control of Sarah's mind. Eldrad compels her to break into a nearby nuclear complex and send the reactor into meltdown. Even if the Doctor is able to avert a radioactive catastrophe, can he save Sarah and put a stop to Eldrad's ancient plans?
An urgent summons to Gallifrey forces the Doctor to leave Sarah on Earth.
The Deadly 
Assassin
The Deadly Assassin by Robert Holmes, directed by David Maloney
The Doctor has a premonition that he will assassinate the President of the High Council of the Time Lords. Returning to Gallifrey, he finds himself unable to prevent the murder, nor his own arrest. Only by declaring his candidacy for the presidency does the Doctor buy the time he needs to investigate, with the reluctant assistance of Castellan Spandrell. The trail of clues leads to the Master: now disfigured, dying and vengeful, he has somehow tapped into the extraordinarily advanced computer network which guides the Time Lords. To stop his old enemy, the Doctor must risk his life in the surreal landscape of the Matrix.
The Face Of 
Evil
The Face Of Evil by Chris Boucher, directed by Pennant Roberts
The rebellious warrior Leela is cast out of the Sevateem tribe after she doubts the existence of their god, Xoanon. Left to fend for herself in a phantom-plagued jungle, she meets the Doctor -- who is baffled when she recognises him as the mythical Evil One. The Doctor manages to earn Leela's trust by warding off the phantoms, and she brings him to a giant carving of his own face in a mountainside. Returning to the Sevateem village, the Doctor finds relics of advanced technology, and discovers that the voice of Xoanon is his own. As the mystery unravels, the Doctor realises that a past mistake is finally catching up to him...
Seeking adventure, Leela leaves with the Doctor.
The Robots Of 
Death
The Robots Of Death by Chris Boucher, directed by Michael E Briant
The TARDIS brings the Doctor and Leela to a Sandminer, a giant mining ship. Most of its functions are maintained by robots: the mute Dums, more advanced Vocs and highly sophisticated Super Vocs. The small human crew has little to do except sit around in idle luxury... but now they're being killed off, one by one. The lone clue to the killer's identity is a corpse marker -- normally used to denote a deactivated robot -- attached to each victim. Leela discovers a mysterious Super Voc masquerading as a Dum, while the Doctor fears that they are in the midst of a robot revolution. But is a human mind responsible?
The Talons Of 
Weng-Chiang
The Talons Of Weng-Chiang by Robert Holmes, directed by David Maloney
In Victorian London, girls are being kidnapped off the street, giant rats haunt the sewers, and ghosts have been sighted in the opera house run by impresario Henry Gordon Jago. When a mutilated body turns up in the Thames, the Doctor and Leela find themselves investigating alongside pathologist Dr Litefoot. The clues lead to a sinister mesmerist, Li H'sen Chang, who is assisted by a murderous ventriloquist's dummy called Mr Sin. Chang serves a man he believes is the god Weng-Chiang, and is searching for a time cabinet lost by his master. Their quest leads them to Litefoot -- and puts Leela's life in terrible danger.

Making History

Even as Doctor Who consistently enjoyed high ratings like never before, Mary Whitehouse continued to campaign against its frightening elements. After episode three of The Deadly Assassin concluded with a lengthy freeze frame of the Doctor being drowned, Whitehouse finally won an admission from the BBC that the programme had gone too far. Behind the scenes, it was decided that Philip Hinchcliffe should move on from Doctor Who, and that his successor's approach should emphasise humour over horror.

Season Fifteen (1977-78): A Lighter Touch

Companions and Recurring Characters

K·9 was a mobile computer in the shape of a dog, invented by Professor Marius in the year 5000.

K·9 appeared between The Invisible Enemy in October 1977 to Warriors' Gate in January 1981. The voice of K·9 was provided by John Leeson (bio) from The Invisible Enemy (October 1977) to The Armageddon Factor (February 1979), by David Brierley (bio) from The Creature From The Pit (October 1979) to the unbroadcast Shada, and by Leeson again from The Leisure Hive (August 1980) to Journey's End (July 2008).

K·9

The Production Team

Wary of mounting criticism that Doctor Who was becoming too frightening, the BBC replaced Philip Hinchcliffe with Graham Williams (bio). Instructed to tone down the horror and violence, Williams concluded that his only option was to place a renewed emphasis on humour. Robert Holmes, meanwhile, wanted to return to scriptwriting full-time and so he was succeeded partway through the season by Anthony Read (bio).

The Stories
Horror Of 
Fang Rock
Horror Of Fang Rock by Terrance Dicks, directed by Paddy Russell
Around the turn of the twentieth century, the TARDIS materialises near a lighthouse on fog-shrouded Fang Rock in the English Channel. A power outage plagues the lighthouse and Vince, a young keeper, believes that it's connected to a strange light he saw in the sky. The Doctor discovers that one of Vince's colleagues has been murdered but, before he can investigate, a yacht capsizes near Fang Rock. Several high-society passengers are rescued, and it becomes clear that they're harbouring secrets of their own. Soon the body count starts to rise, and the Doctor begins to suspect that the killer walks amongst them...
The Invisible 
Enemy
The Invisible Enemy by Bob Baker and Dave Martin, directed by Derrick Goodwin
En route to a base on Titan in the year 5000, the crew of a spaceship is infected with an intelligent, malignant virus. A distress signal from Titan is picked up by the TARDIS, but the Doctor also becomes infected. With his mind slowly succumbing the viral Nucleus, the Doctor places himself in a coma. Leela helps him reach a medical facility called the Bi-Al Foundation, where they meet Professor Marius and his robot dog, K·9. Marius creates clones of the Doctor and Leela, whom he miniaturises and injects into the Time Lord's body. They plan to travel into the Doctor's brain and take the battle to the Nucleus itself.
Professor Marius gives K·9 to the Doctor and Leela.
Image Of The 
Fendahl
Image Of The Fendahl by Chris Boucher, directed by George Spenton-Foster
Strange events haunt the village of Fetchborough. At the old Priory, scientists led by Dr Fendelman study a skull which is millions of years older than the earliest man. In the woods, a hiker is killed by something creeping through the night. Nearby, the TARDIS arrives, drawn by the activation of a time scanner. While Leela finds reluctant allies in the form of a local wise woman and her grandson, the Doctor discovers that one of the scientists, Thea Ransome, is being groomed for a sinister ritual. If successful, it will resurrect an ancient embodiment of death -- one thought destroyed by the Time Lords long ago.
The Sun 
Makers
The Sun Makers by Robert Holmes, directed by Pennant Roberts
The TARDIS lands on far-future Pluto, which the Doctor is astonished to find orbited by miniature suns and inhabited by humans toiling for the Company. After rescuing a worker named Cordo from suicide, the time travellers learn that the Company keeps humanity crushed by oppressive taxation. They decide to seek out the rebels who lurk in the undercity beneath Megropolis One -- not realising that they have aroused the suspicions of the odious Gatherer Hade, who serves the sinister Collector. To make matters worse, the rebels lure the Doctor into a trap... and Leela's attempts to rescue him may have deadly consequences.
Underworld
Underworld by Bob Baker and Dave Martin, directed by Norman Stewart
The Doctor, Leela and K·9 find themselves aboard the R1C, a spacecraft from the doomed Minyan civilisation, which destroyed itself using technology given to them by early Time Lords. For a hundred thousand years, Jackson and his three-person crew have been searching for the P7E, the ship carrying the Minyan race banks, with which they hope to revive their people. The Doctor helps them trace the P7E to a spiral nebula, where space debris has formed a planet around it. But, on penetrating to the planet's core, they discover a downtrodden people -- the Trogs -- who suffer under the rule of the unseen Oracle.
The 
Invasion Of Time
The Invasion Of Time by David Agnew, directed by Gerald Blake
The Doctor returns to Gallifrey, having made a deal with aliens known as the Vardans to ensure that he will ascend to the presidency of the High Council of the Time Lords. Behaving erratically, the Doctor alienates his old friend, Chancellor Borusa, and forms an alliance with the duplicitous Castellan Kelner. Then he has Leela exiled to the wastes beyond the Capitol, where she takes refuge with a group of outcast Gallifreyans living as savages. Leela believes that the Doctor has turned traitor. In fact, he is orchestrating an elaborate scheme to unveil the identity of the Vardans' masters -- and foil a plot to invade Gallifrey itself.
Leela remains on Gallifrey to marry Commander Andred of the Chancellery Guard and K·9 stays with her, while the Doctor activates K·9 Mark II.

Making History

Season Fifteen saw an attempt not to just to lighten the atmosphere of Doctor Who but also to turn it back into more of a family show than it had been during the preceding three years. This was most apparent in the introduction of K·9, a character designed to appeal primarily to younger children. In response, Mary Whitehouse's attacks on Doctor Who finally abated, and such criticisms would not routinely plague the programme again until 1985.

Season Sixteen (1978-79): The Quest For The Key To Time

Companions and Recurring Characters

The first incarnation of the Time Lady Romanadvoratrelundar -- called Romana for short -- was despatched by the White Guardian to assist the Doctor in his quest for the Key To Time.

Mary Tamm (bio) made her first appearance as Romana in The Ribos Operation (September 1978) and her last in The Armageddon Factor (February 1979).

The First Romana

The Black Guardian was a cosmic force embodying chaos, the antithesis of the order and balance represented by the Doctor's patron, the White Guardian.

Valentine Dyall (bio) made his first appearance as the Black Guardian in The Armageddon Factor (February 1979) and his last in Enlightenment (March 1983).

The Black Guardian

The Stories
The Ribos 
Operation
The Ribos Operation by Robert Holmes, directed by George Spenton-Foster
The Doctor is called upon by the White Guardian, the embodiment of order and light, to find the six hidden segments of the Key To Time -- scattered throughout time and space -- so that the faltering universal balance can be restored. The first destination is the wintry, mediaeval planet of Ribos, where the Doctor soon discovers that a piece of the priceless mineral jethrik is really a segment of the Key in disguise. But the jethrik is part of a scheme being perpetrated by the wily Garron and his confederate, Unstoffe, to swindle a fortune from the megalomaniacal Graff Vynda-K... and the Doctor is soon embroiled in the con.
The White Guardian sends Romana to help the Doctor find the Key To Time.
The Pirate 
Planet
The Pirate Planet by Douglas Adams, directed by Pennant Roberts
The Doctor and Romana head to the planet Calufrax in search of the second segment of the Key To Time. Inexplicably, however, the TARDIS lands on Zanak, a world of seemingly limitless mineral wealth, ruled by the crazed Captain. Zanak is haunted by the Mentiads, a group of telepaths whose numbers swell each time a new golden age of prosperity is proclaimed. While Romana is captured by the Captain, the Doctor tries to help Mula, whose brother has been taken by the Mentiads. His investigation leads to the grim discovery that Zanak owes its riches to a wake of destruction on a planetary scale -- and to the deaths of billions.
The Stones Of 
Blood
The Stones Of Blood by David Fisher, directed by Darrol Blake
The quest for the third segment of the Key To Time takes the TARDIS to modern-day Earth, near a stone circle called the Nine Maidens. A druidic cult led by the sinister De Vries is performing blood rituals there, honouring a Celtic goddess called the Cailleach. At the same time, archaeologist Emilia Rumford and her assistant, Vivien Fay, are investigating strange flaws in previous surveys of the circle. Left alone at the Nine Maidens, Romana is nearly driven over a cliff by an apparition which takes the Doctor's form. Meanwhile, the Doctor discovers that the monoliths are actually monstrous Ogri, in service to an ancient villain...
The Androids 
Of Tara
The Androids Of Tara by David Fisher, directed by Michael Hayes
While the Doctor relaxes, Romana finds the fourth segment of the Key To Time on the planet Tara. She is then kidnapped by the villainous Count Grendel, who has mistaken her for an android duplicate of Princess Strella, whom he also holds prisoner. Grendel has aspirations to the Taran throne, to which Strella is second in line. He plans to undermine the claim of the heir apparent, Prince Reynart, then marry Strella. But with the princess unwilling to cooperate, Grendel now intends to compel Romana to take her place. Meanwhile, the Doctor allies himself with Reynart in a desperate attempt to stop Grendel's bid for power.
The Power Of 
Kroll
The Power Of Kroll by Robert Holmes, directed by Norman Stewart
On the marshy third moon of Delta Magna, the Doctor and Romana obtain strange readings as they hunt for the fifth segment of the Key To Time. Their search is complicated by tensions between the primitive Swampies -- the native species of Delta Magna, long ago relocated to the moon by human colonists -- and the crew of a new refinery. Intent on war, the Swampies have sought the help of gun-runner Rohm-Dutt, unaware that he plans to supply them with faulty weaponry. As hostilities escalate, the Swampie god -- a gargantuan squid named Kroll -- rises from the marsh, to wreak untold destruction.
The 
Armageddon Factor
The Armageddon Factor by Bob Baker and Dave Martin, directed by Michael Hayes
The Black Guardian, embodiment of evil and darkness, looms as the search for the final segment of the Key To Time brings the TARDIS to Atrios. There, the time travellers find the zealous Marshal determined to win a protracted war with the neighbouring world of Zeos, even as the beloved Princess Astra struggles to hold her people together. But Astra goes missing, while Romana discovers that the Marshal is being influenced by an unknown force. A journey to Zeos reveals a barren world governed only by the computer Mentalis. At the heart of the mystery is the sinister Shadow... and his own quest for the Key To Time.

Making History

An idea Graham Williams had tried and failed to implement during his first year as producer was that of an overarching theme running through every story of the season. This finally came about during Season Sixteen, with the Doctor's quest for the Key To Time playing a role in all six adventures.

Season Seventeen (1979-80): The Time Traveller's Guide To The Galaxy

Companions and Recurring Characters

Despite having completed the quest for the Key To Time, Romana chose to continue travelling with the Doctor in a regenerated body.

Lalla Ward (bio) made her first appearance as Romana in Destiny Of The Daleks (September 1979) and her last in Dimensions In Time (November 1993).

The Second Romana

The Production Team

Anthony Read left Doctor Who at the end of Season Sixteen. His replacement was the inexperienced but enormously creative Douglas Adams (bio), who had written The Pirate Planet the previous year. He fostered the vein of comedy preferred by Tom Baker and Lalla Ward, but found himself overwhelmed by work due to the success of his creation, The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy.

The Stories
Destiny Of 
The Daleks
Destiny Of The Daleks by Terry Nation, directed by Ken Grieve
Having installed a Randomiser in the TARDIS to prevent the Black Guardian from tracking them, the Doctor and the newly-regenerated Romana find themselves on a strangely-familiar planet. Separated from the Doctor by a rockfall, Romana is captured by those responsible: the Daleks, who force her into slave labour. Meanwhile, the Doctor meets the coldly beautiful Movellans who reveal that the TARDIS has landed on Skaro, the Daleks' abandoned homeworld. The Doctor agrees to help the Movellans uncover the object of the Daleks' search -- which turns out to be none other than their long-lost creator, Davros.
Romana regenerates into her second incarnation.
City Of 
Death
City Of Death by David Agnew, directed by Michael Hayes
On primordial Earth, a spaceship carrying the alien Scaroth explodes. In modern-day Paris, the Doctor and Romana trace disturbances in time to the urbane Count Scarlioni. They meet a private detective named Duggan, who believes that Scarlioni is responsible for a spate of lost objets d'art being sold on the black market. They realise that this is how he is funding experiments with time. Scarlioni is now planning to steal the Mona Lisa from the Louvre and sell six perfect copies. The Doctor travels back to 1505 to unearth the origin of the duplicates -- only to discover that, somehow, Leonardo da Vinci's patron is Scarlioni himself.
The Creature 
From The Pit
The Creature From The Pit by David Fisher, directed by Christopher Barry
The planet Chloris is plentiful in vegetation but almost barren of metal. The Doctor, Romana and K·9 arrive in response to a distress signal, which appears to be coming from an enormous metallic shell. They are captured by Chloris' leader, the wicked Lady Adrasta, who has the Doctor thrown into a deep pit. Although he survives the fall, he finds himself in tunnels which are reputed to be the home of an immense green monster. With the help of the elderly astrologer Organon, the Doctor sets out to discover the creature's origins -- even as Adrasta plots to use K·9 to destroy her enemies once and for all.
Nightmare Of 
Eden
Nightmare Of Eden by Bob Baker, directed by Alan Bromly and Graham Williams
En route to the planet Azure aboard the spaceliner Empress are the scientist Tryst and his assistant Della. They are transporting samples of various worlds within a Continuous Event Transmuter. But the Empress comes out of warp at the wrong coordinates and fuses with another ship, the Hecate. When the TARDIS materialises aboard the Empress, the Doctor and Romana offer to help, but their efforts are imperiled by the monstrous Mandrels, who stalk the interface between the two vessels. To make matters worse, the Doctor begins to suspect that the Empress is part of a scheme to smuggle vraxoin -- an illicit, highly addictive drug.
The Horns Of 
Nimon
The Horns Of Nimon by Anthony Read, directed by Kenny McBain
Skonnos was once the centre of a galactic empire and, although it has fallen into decay, it is still paid a regular tribute of seven youths from the planet Aneth. They are destined to be sacrificed to the Nimon, a bull-like alien who dwells within a vast power complex. In return, the Nimon has offered Soldeed, leader of the Skonnans, the ability to forge a new empire. When the Doctor and Romana find the ship carrying the Anethan tribute floating derelict in space, they are forced to help effect repairs. Romana is taken captive, while the Doctor discovers evidence that the Nimon's promises to Soldeed hide a far more terrible plan.
Shada
Shada by Douglas Adams, directed by Pennant Roberts
The Doctor, Romana and K·9 visit an old friend, a retired Time Lord named Chronotis. Now living as a professor at Cambridge University, Chronotis wishes to return a book he took from Gallifrey. But the book has been inadvertently acquired by two college students, Chris Parsons and Clare Keightley, who discover that it does strange things to time. Also in pursuit of the book is the evil scientist Skagra, who uses his technology to drain the knowledge from Chronotis' mind. Before he dies, Chronotis gives Romana a mysterious warning... but what is Shada? (This story was never completed or broadcast due to industrial action.)

Making History

Although Doctor Who had been threatened by labour disputes in the past, never had a story actually been cancelled due to industrial action until Season Seventeen. Sadly, the loss of Shada meant that departing producer Graham Williams' era finished on an abrupt and unplanned note. It was a gloomy end to a year which had enjoyed the heights of Doctor Who's first-ever overseas location filming -- for City Of Death -- but also saw the programme's budget severely compromised by skyrocketing inflation.

Season Eighteen (1980-81): Change And Decay

Companions and Recurring Characters

Adric was a teenaged mathematical genius who stowed away aboard the TARDIS after helping the Doctor solve the mystery of his home planet, Alzarius.

Matthew Waterhouse (bio) made his first appearance as Adric in Full Circle (October 1980) and his last in The Caves Of Androzani (March 1984).

Adric

Nyssa, the daughter of nobility on the planet Traken and a gifted scientist, joined the Doctor after her father was murdered by the Master.

Sarah Sutton (bio) made her first appearance as Nyssa in The Keeper Of Traken (January 1981) and her last in Dimensions In Time (November 1993).

Nyssa

The evil Time Lord known as the Master was reinvigorated after stealing a human body, and embarked on a new spree of villainy across space and time.

Anthony Ainley (bio) made his first appearance as the Master in The Keeper Of Traken (February 1981) and his last in Survival (December 1989).

The Master

Tegan Jovanka was a flight attendant for Air Australia who wandered into the TARDIS when it was parked in 1980s London.

Janet Fielding (bio) made her first appearance as Tegan in Logopolis (February 1981) and her last in The Power Of The Doctor (October 2022).

Tegan

The Production Team

As Doctor Who headed into the Eighties, its course was charted by an all-new production team. The producer was former production unit manager John Nathan-Turner (bio), who would go on to serve in this capacity for the entire decade. His script editor was Christopher H Bidmead (bio). They were overseen by former producer Barry Letts (bio), who was installed as executive producer to provide support for the inexperienced Nathan-Turner. In addition to implementing a visual overhaul of Doctor Who, the new team's philosophy was that the programme had become too fantastical in recent years, and they strove for an emphasis on legitimate scientific principles.

The Stories
The Leisure 
Hive
The Leisure Hive by David Fisher, directed by Lovett Bickford
The Doctor and Romana travel to the Leisure Hive on Argolis, a planet ravaged by a nuclear war with the Foamasi years earlier. The Argolin leader, Mena, explains that her people are now sterile and the Hive is their legacy, intended to bring different races together in the spirit of peace. The main attraction is a device called the Tachyon Recreation Generator, but it is experiencing mysterious faults. At the same time, Mena's son, Pangol, becomes increasingly militant; the scientist Hardin conducts fraudulent temporal experiments; an Earth businessman, Brock, behaves very oddly; and mysterious creatures prowl the Leisure Hive.
Meglos
Meglos by John Flanagan and Andrew McCulloch, directed by Terence Dudley
The Doctor's old friend Zastor summons him back to the planet Tigella, where the population is divided between the zealous Deons and the scientific Savants. Something is going wrong with the Dodecahedron, Tigella's main power source, but the Deons have forbidden the Savants from investigating. Meanwhile, on the nearby world of Zolfa-Thura, a group of mercenaries revives the ruined planet's last survivor: the cactus-like Meglos. The shapeshifting Meglos steals the Doctor's form and traps the TARDIS in a time loop. He then travels to Tigella, where his goal is to steal the Dodecahedron -- and frame the Doctor for the crime.
Full 
Circle
Full Circle by Andrew Smith, directed by Peter Grimwade
Romana is recalled to Gallifrey, only for the TARDIS to be drawn into another universe called E-Space. The time travellers land on the planet Alzarius, where a Starliner from Terradon crashlanded long ago. Generations later, the ship is still being repaired, but now the dreaded time of Mistfall has arrived, during which savage Marshmen rise from the swamps. While the ruling Deciders seal most of their people aboard the Starliner, Romana meets the renegade Outlers, who refused to heed the summons. The Doctor sneaks aboard the ship, where he discovers that the Deciders are harbouring terrible secrets.
Adric, one of the Outlers, stows away on board the TARDIS.
State Of 
Decay
State Of Decay by Terrance Dicks, directed by Peter Moffatt
Still trapped in E-Space, the TARDIS materialises near a mediaeval village. The townsfolk live in fear of the Three Who Rule, who govern from their mighty Tower. Bats serve as their minions, science is forbidden, and youth are periodically taken from the village, never to be seen again. The Doctor and Romana meet a group of rebels who have discovered ancient equipment from an Earth spaceship. They realise that the Tower is the ship, and the Three Who Rule are somehow identical to the original crew. Meanwhile, Adric is the latest to be selected by Lord Aukon... and, beneath the Tower, something vast and terrible stirs.
Warriors' 
Gate
Warriors' Gate by Steve Gallagher, directed by Paul Joyce
Trying to escape from E-Space, the Doctor, Romana, Adric and K·9 instead land in an eerie white void whose only feature is a crumbling archway. Also trapped in the void is a privateering ship captained by the cruel Rorvik. When the ship's time-sensitive Tharil pilot -- the leonine Biroc -- escapes, Rorvik has Romana captured and pressed into service as their new navigator. Meanwhile, Biroc lures the Doctor through the archway and into a long-abandoned banquet hall. There, mirrors act as gateways, robotic Gundans wait to attack, and a terrible secret history will be revealed.
Romana and K·9 remain in E-Space to help free the captive Tharil race.
The Keeper Of 
Traken
The Keeper Of Traken by Johnny Byrne, directed by John Black
The Traken Union is governed by a Keeper gifted with the fantastic powers of the Source. The current Keeper's abilities are waning as he nears the end of his thousand-year tenure, and he asks the Doctor and Adric -- who have escaped from E-Space -- to stop an evil he believes has taken root on Traken. But the statue-like Melkur has already corrupted Kassia, one of the ruling Consuls. The Doctor and Adric stand accused of murder, and are saved only by the intervention of Kassia's husband, Consul Tremas, and his daughter, Nyssa. Together, they must unmask the villain behind the Melkur and safeguard the Source.
Warriors' 
Gate
Logopolis by Christopher H Bidmead, directed by Peter Grimwade
The Doctor decides to travel to Logopolis -- where pure mathematics can be used to reshape reality -- in order to repair the TARDIS and reactivate its chameleon circuit. First he goes to Earth to locate a real police box, and finds himself observed by a mysterious Watcher. Airline stewardess Tegan Jovanka stumbles into the TARDIS, unaware that her Aunt Vanessa has become the Master's latest victim. She travels to Logopolis with the Doctor and Adric, and there they are met by Nyssa, who is searching for her missing father. But it soon becomes clear that Logopolis itself is another part of the Master's apocalyptic trap...
The Fourth Doctor, now joined in his travels by Nyssa and Tegan, falls from atop the Pharos Project telescope and regenerates.

Making History

Season Eighteen's stylistic changes saw Doctor Who stride confidently into the Eighties, much as Season Seven's new direction had ushered it into the Seventies. With a flashier title sequence, higher-concept stories, more accessible companions, and a renewed emphasis on production values, Doctor Who had undergone a complete facelift. Only dwindling ratings in the wake of fiercer competition dimmed the shine of the revamped programme. Nonetheless, with the end of the season witnessing the departure of Tom Baker -- the longest-serving Doctor -- the slate was wiped clean for a brand new era.